diff --git a/src/providers/gemini.rs b/src/providers/gemini.rs
index 54e48c94..1b123b8d 100644
--- a/src/providers/gemini.rs
+++ b/src/providers/gemini.rs
@@ -367,10 +367,18 @@ impl GeminiProvider {
         request.tools.as_ref().map(|tools| {
             let declarations: Vec<GeminiFunctionDeclaration> = tools
                 .iter()
-                .map(|t| GeminiFunctionDeclaration {
-                    name: t.function.name.clone(),
-                    description: t.function.description.clone(),
-                    parameters: t.function.parameters.clone(),
+                .map(|t| {
+                    let mut parameters = t.function.parameters.clone().unwrap_or(serde_json::json!({
+                        "type": "object",
+                        "properties": {}
+                    }));
+                    Self::sanitize_schema(&mut parameters);
+                    
+                    GeminiFunctionDeclaration {
+                        name: t.function.name.clone(),
+                        description: t.function.description.clone(),
+                        parameters: Some(parameters),
+                    }
                 })
                 .collect();
             vec![GeminiTool {
@@ -379,6 +387,55 @@ impl GeminiProvider {
         })
     }
 
+    /// Recursively remove unsupported JSON Schema fields that Gemini's API rejects.
+    fn sanitize_schema(value: &mut Value) {
+        if let Value::Object(map) = value {
+            // Remove unsupported fields at this level
+            map.remove("$schema");
+            map.remove("additionalProperties");
+            map.remove("exclusiveMaximum");
+            map.remove("exclusiveMinimum");
+            
+            // Recursively sanitize all object properties
+            if let Some(properties) = map.get_mut("properties") {
+                if let Value::Object(props_map) = properties {
+                    for prop_value in props_map.values_mut() {
+                        Self::sanitize_schema(prop_value);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            
+            // Recursively sanitize array items
+            if let Some(items) = map.get_mut("items") {
+                Self::sanitize_schema(items);
+            }
+
+            // Gemini 1.5/2.0+ supports anyOf in some contexts, but it's often 
+            // the source of additionalProperties errors when nested.
+            if let Some(any_of) = map.get_mut("anyOf") {
+                if let Value::Array(arr) = any_of {
+                    for item in arr {
+                        Self::sanitize_schema(item);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            if let Some(one_of) = map.get_mut("oneOf") {
+                if let Value::Array(arr) = one_of {
+                    for item in arr {
+                        Self::sanitize_schema(item);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            if let Some(all_of) = map.get_mut("allOf") {
+                if let Value::Array(arr) = all_of {
+                    for item in arr {
+                        Self::sanitize_schema(item);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
     /// Convert OpenAI tool_choice to Gemini tool_config.
     fn convert_tool_config(request: &UnifiedRequest) -> Option<GeminiToolConfig> {
         request.tool_choice.as_ref().map(|tc| {